Lansoprazole: Indications, Dose, Side Effects
Lansoprazole is a potent gastric acid suppression drug belong to a group of drugs called Proton Pumps Inhibitors (PPIs).
Trade Names: Lansoloc, Lancap, Prevacid, Zoton FasTabs
Class: Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Lansoprazole Indications
- Functional dyspepsia
- Peptic Ulcer Disease ( Gastric Ulcer and Duodenal ulcer).
- Heartburn and hyperacidity
- Prevention of GORD
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Contraindications
- Liver impairment
- Pregnancy
- Lactation
- Hypersensitivity to active ingredients
- Co-administration with atazanavir, nelfinavir or rilpivirine.
- Children less than 1 year.
Exercise caution on
- Mild to moderate liver impairment
- Porphyria
- Elderly
- Prolonged use and high dose
- Malignant gastric tumor
- Previous GI bleeding
- Risk of osteoporosis
- Fructose intolerance
Dose and Preparation
Preparations: capsules (cap).
Lansoprazole dose in Adults
- Gastric ulcer: oral (cap), 30mg daily for up to 8 weeks.
- Duodenal ulcer: oral (cap), 30mg daily for up to 4 weeks
- Prevention of GORD: 15mg oral daily for up to 1 year
- Hyperacidity and heartburn: 15mg oral daily for up to 14 days
Special Population
Pregnancy: Lansoprazole is contraindicated in pregnancy as safety has not been established. Adequate well controlled studies in humans have not been done.
Lactation: Lansoprazole excretion in human breast milk is unknown, it is best to avoid lansoprazole in breastfeeding or exercise caution.
Renal Impairment: No need for dose adjustment.
Side Effects
- PPIs like lansoprazole cause increased risk of clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea (CDAD).
- Diarrhoea
- Nausea and vomiting
- Constipation
- Somnolence
- Dizziness
- Insomnia
- Hallucinations
- Abdominal cramps
- Flatulence
- Fatigue
- Muscle cramps
- Increased sweating
- Rash
Lansoprazole Mechanism of Action
Lansoprazole is a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) that suppresses secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by irreversible binding to and inhibiting the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme of the gastric parietal cells.
PPIs are generally intended for short term use.
Drug Interactions
- Atazanavir: Avoid Combination if possible or reduce dose of lansoprazole
- Nelfinavir
- Itraconazole: Absorption of Itraconazole is decreased
- Digoxin: Use with caution, monitor digoxin level as they tend to be increased.
- Antacids: Administer the antacids and lansoprazole at least 2 hours apart. Do not take them at the same time.
- Rifampicin: Monitor renal function.
- Ketoconazole
- Theophylline
